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ANMA ONLINE REFERENCES
Volume 7 Number 1

 

 

Nutrition & Down Syndrome:
Clinical Rationale & Results

By: Robert J. Thiel, Ph.D., Naturopath

REFERENCES

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[3] Kissane JM. Anderson's Pathology, 9th ed. CV Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1990

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[11 Schmid F, Christeller S, Rehm W. Studies on the state of vitamins B1, B2 and B6 in Down's syndrome. Fortschr Med 1975;93(25):1170-1172

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[18] Wachtel TJ, Pueschel SM. Macrocytosis in Down syndrome. Am J Ment Retard 1991;95(4):417-420

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[22] Hilty N, Sepp N, Rammal E, Pechlaner C, Hintner H, Fritsch P. Scurvy in trisomy 21. Hautarzt 1991;42(7):464-466

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[25] Cengiz M, Seven M. Vitamin and mineral status in Down syndrome. Trace Elem Elec 2000;17(3):156-160

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[27] McCoy EE, Sneddon JM. Decreased calcium content and 45Ca2+ uptake in Down's syndrome blood platelets. Pediatr Res 1984;18(9):914-916

[28] Barlow PJ, Sylvestrer PE, Dickerson JW. Hair trace metal levels in Down syndrome patients. J Ment Def Res 1981;25(Pt 3):161-168

[29] Purice M, Maximillan C, Dumitru I, Ioan D. Zinc and copper in plasma and erythrocytes of Down's syndrome children. Endocrinologie 1988;26(2):113-117

[30] Kadrobova J, Madaric A, Sustrova M, Ginter E. Changed serum element profile in Down's syndrome. Biol Trace Elem Res 1996;54(3):201-206

[31] Anneren G, Johansson E, Lindu U. Trace element profiles in individual blood cells from patients with Down's syndrome. Acta Paediatr Scand 1985;74(2):259-263

[32] Monteiro CP, Varela A, Pinto M, Neves J, Felisberto GM, Vaz C, Bicho MP, Laires MJ. Effects of an aerobic training program on magnesium, trace elements and antioxidant systems in Down syndrome population. Magnes Res 1997;10(1):65-71

[33] Barlow PJ, Sylvestrer PE, Dickerson JW. Hair trace metal levels in Down syndrome patients. J Ment Def Res 1981;25(Pt 3):161-168

[34] Anneren G, Magnusson CG, Nordvall SL. Increase in serum concentrations of IgG2 and IgG4 by selenium supplementation in children with Down's syndrome. Arch Dis Child 1990;65(12):1353-1355

[35] Hamilton K. Down's syndrome: selenium supplementation and trace elements. CP Currents 1994;4(3):46

[36] Kralik A, et al. Influence of zinc and selenium deficiency on parameters related to thyroid metabolism. Hormone Metabol Res 1996;28:223-226

[37] Sherman AR. Zinc, copper and iron nutriture and immunity. J Nutr,1992;122:604-609

[38] Stabile A, et al. Immunodeficiency and plasma zinc levels in children with Down's syndrome: a long-term follow-up of oral zinc supplementation. Clin Immunolog Immunopath, 1991;58:207:216

[39] Bucci I, Napolitano G, Giuliani C, Lio S, Minnucci A, Di Giacomo F, Calabrese G, Sabatino G, Palka G, Monocao F. Zinc sulphate supplementation improves thyroid hypofunction in hypozincemic Down children. Biol Trace Elem Res 1999;67:257-268

[40] Napolitano G, Plaka G, Grimaldi S, Guilani C, Laglia G, Calabreese G, Satta MA, Neri G, Monaco F. Growth delay in Down syndrome and zinc sulphate supplementation. Amer J Med Genetics 1990;S7:63

[41] Abdallah SM, Samman S. The effect of increasing dietary zinc on the activity of superoxide and dismutase and zinc concentrations in healthy female subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr 1993;47:327-332

[42] Perry EK, Perry RH, Smith CJ, Purohit D, Bonham J, Dick DJ, Candy JM, Edwardson JA, Fairbairn A. Cholinergic receptors in cognitive disorders. Can J Neurol Sci 1986;13(S4):521-527

[43] Cantor DS, et al. A report on phosphatidylcholine therapy in a Down's syndrome child. Psychol Rep 1986;58:207-217

[44] Lejeune J, Rethore MO, de Blois MC, Peeters M, Naffah J, Megarbane A, Cattaneo F, Mircher O, Rabier D, Parvey P, et al. Amino acids and trisomy 21. Ann Genet 1992;35(1):8-13

[45] Lemere CA, et al. The lysomal cysteine protease, cathepsin S, is increased in Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome brain. An imunocytochemical study. Am J Pathol 1995,146(4):848-860

[46] Werbach M. Epilepsy. In Textbook of Nutritional Medicine. Third Line Press, Tarzana (CA), 1999:363-375

[47] Meyers LF. Language development and intervention. In Clinical Perspectives in the Management of Down Syndrome. Springer-Verlag, NY, 1990:153-164

[48] Warner FJ. Nutrition and Down syndrome. Presentation at the Third Annual Convention of the California State Naturopathic Medical Association, Buena Park, February 11, 2001

[49] Shetty HU, Siarey RJ, Galdzicki Z, Stoll J, Rapoport SI. Ts65Dn mouse, a Down syndrome model, exhibits elevated myo-inositol in selected brain regions and regional and peripheral tissues. Neuochem Res 2000;25(4):431-435

[50] Huang W, Alexander GE, Daly EM, Shetty HU, Krasuski JS, Rapoport SI, Schapiro MB. High brain myo-inositol levels in the predementia phase of Alzheimer's disease in adult's with Down's syndrome. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156(12):1879-1886

[51] Shonk T, Ross BD. Role of increased cerebral myo-inositol I the dementia of Down syndrome. Magn Reson Med 1995;33(6):858-861

[52] Shetty HU, Schapiro MB, Holloway HW, Rapaport SI. Polyol profiles in Down syndrome: myo-inositol, specifically is elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid. J Clin Invest 1995;95(2):542-546

[53] Hamilton K. Down's syndrome. In Clinical Pearls in Nutrition and Preventative Medicine. ITServices, Sacramento, 1998:204

[54] Watkins SE, Thomas DE, Clifford M, Tidmarsh SF, Sweeney AE. Ah-Sing E, Dickerson JW, Cowie VA, Shaw DM. Plasma amino acids in patients with senile dementia and in subjects with Down's syndrome at an age vulnerable to Alzheimer's changes. J Ment Defic Res 1989;33(Pt 2):159-166

[55] Shaposhnikov AM, Khal'chitskii SE, Shvarts EI. Disorders of phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism in Down's syndrome. Vopr Med Khim 1979;25(1):15-19

[56] Leichtman LG. Targeted nutritional intervention (TNI) in the treatment of children and adults with Down syndrome. 1998 NDSC Meeting.

[57] Airaksinen EM. Tryptophan treatment of infants with Down's syndrome. Ann Clin Res 1974;6(1):33-39

[58] Thiel RJ. Growth effects of Warner protocol for children with Down syndrome. J Orthomol Med, 2002, 17(1):42-48

[59] Thiel RJ. Facial effects of Warner protocol for children with Down syndrome. J Orthomol Med, 2002, 17(2):111-116

[60] Dwyer J. Fertile fields for fads and frauds: questionable nutritional therapies. NY State J Med, 1993:105-108

[61] Barness LA, Dallman PR, Anderson H, Collipp PJ, Nichols BL, Walker WA, Woodruff CW. Megavitamins and mental retardation. American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement, August 1981

[62] Luke A, Sutton M, Schoeller DA, Roizen NJ. Nutrient intake and obesity in prepubescent children with Down syndrome. J Am Diet Assoc,1996;96(12):1262-1267

[63] Reading CM. Down's syndrome: nutritional interventions. Nutr Health,1984;3(1-2):91-111

[64] Harrell RF, Capp RH, Davis DR, Peerless J, Ravitz LR. Can nutritional supplementation help mentally retarded children? an exploratory study. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,1981;78(1):574-578

[65] Weathers C. Effects of nutritional supplementation on IQ and certain other variables associated with Down syndrome. Am J Ment Defic,1983;88(2):214-217

[66] Rimland B. Vitamin and mineral supplementation as a treatment for autistic and mentally retarded persons. Presentation to the President's Committee on Mental Retardation, Washington (D.C.), September 20, 1984

[67] Prasher VP. Down syndrome and thyroid disorders: a review. Downs Syndr Res Pract,1999;6(1):25-42

[68] Karlsson B, et al. Thyroid dysfunction in Down's syndrome: relation to age and thyroid antibody. Arch Dis Childhood 1998;79:242-245

[69] Hetzel BS, Clugston GA. Iodine. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. Williams & Wilkins, Balt.,1999:253-264

[70] Guyton AC, Hall JE. Textbook of Medical Physiology, 9th ed. WB Saunders, Phil.,1996

[71] Kanavin OJ, Aaseth J, Birketvedt GS. Thyroid hypofunction in Down's syndrome: is it related to oxidative stress? Biol Trace Elem Res 2000;78(1-3):35-42

[72] Pietz J. Neurological aspects of adult phenylketonuria. Curr Opin Neurol 1998;11(6):679-688

[73] Marsh RW, Cabaret JJ. Down's syndrome treated with a low phenylalanine diet: case report. N Z Med J 1972;75(481):364-365

[74] Becker W, Joost HG. Structural and functional characteristics of Dyrk, a novel subfamily of protein kinases with dual specificity. Prog Nucleic Acid Mol Biol 1999;62:1-17

[75] Kentrup H, Joost HG, Heimann G, Becker W. Midbrain/DYRK1A gene: a candidate for mental retardation in Down syndrome? Klin Padiatr 2000;212(2):60-63

[76] Himpel S, Panxer P, Eirmbter K, Czajkowska H, Sayed M, Packman L, Blundell T, Kentrup H, Grotzinger J, Joost HG, Becker W. Identification of the autophosphorylation sites and characterization of their effects in the protein kinase DYRK1A. Biochem J 2001;359(Pt3):497-505

[77] Lohr JB. Oxygen radicals and neuropsychiatric illness: some speculations. Arch Gen Psychiat,1991;48:1097-1106

[78] Jovanoic SV, Clements D, MacLeod K. Biomarkers of oxidative stress are significantly elevated in Down syndrome. Free Radic Biol Med,1998;25(9):1044-1048

[79] Warner FJ, Stephens C. Metabolic supplementation for correction of raging free radicals in trisomy 21. Presentation at the International Down's Conference. Madrid, Spain, 1997

[80] Murray M, Pizzorno J. Alzheimer's disease. In Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine. Prima Publishing, Rocklin (CA), 1991:128-135

[81] Vinson JA, Jang J. In Vitro and In Vivo antioxidant effect of a citrus extract and ascorbic acid on normal and hypercholesterolemic human subjects. J Med Food, 2001:4(4):187-192

[82] Vinson J, Stella J, Flanagan T. Selenium yeast is an effective in vitro and in vivo antioxidant and hypolipemic agent in hamsters. Nutr Res,1998;18:735-742

[83] Traber MG. Vitamin E. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. Williams & Wilkins, 1999:347-362

[84] Thiel RJ. Natural vitamins may be superior to synthetic ones. Med Hypo 2000, 55(6):461-469

[85] Thiel RJ. Mineral salts are for plants, food complexed minerals are for humans. ANMA Monitor, 1999;3(2):5-10

[86] DeCava JA. The Lee Philosophy--Part II. Nutrition News and Views, 2003;7(1):1-6

[87] Thiel RJ. The Truth About Vitamins in Supplements. ANMA Monitor, in press 2003

[88] Vinson J, Howard TB. Inhibition of protein glycation and advanced glycation end products by ascorbic acid and other nutrients. Nutr Biochem 1996;7:659-663

[89] Odetti P, Angelini G, Dapino D, Zaccheo D, Garibaldi S, Dagna-Brica F, Piomba G, Perry G, Smith M, Traverso N, Tabaton M. Early glycation damage in the brains from Down's syndrome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998;243(3):849-851

[90] Brownson C, Hipkiss AR. Carnosine reacts with a glycated protein. Free Radic Biol Med 2000;28(10):1564-1570

[91] Seidler NW. Carnosine prevents glycation-induced changes in electrophoretic of aspartate aminotransferase. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2000;14(4):215-220

[92] Kohen R, Misgav R, Ginsburg I. The SOD like activity of copper: carnosine, copper: anserine copper: homocarnosine complexes. Free Radic Res Commun 1991;12-13, pt1:179-185

[93] Choi SY, Kwon HY, Kwon OB, Kang JH. Hydrogen peroxide-mediated Cu,ZN-superoxide dismutase fragmentation: protection by carnosine, homocarnosine and anserine. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999;1472(3):651-657

[94] Kang JH, Eum WS. Enhanced oxidative damage by the familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase mutants. Biochim Biophys Acta 2000;1524(2-3):162-170

[95] De Falco FA D'Angelo E, Grimaldi G, Scafuro F, Sachez F, Caruso G. Effect of the chronic treatment with L-acetylcarnitine in Down's syndrome. Clin Ter 1994;144(2):123-127

[96] Laryea MD, Steinhagen F, Pawliczek S, Wendel U. Simple method for the routine determination of betaine and N,N-dimethylglycine in blood and urine. Clin Chem,1998;44(9):1937-1941

[97] Kendall RV, Lawson JW. Recent findings on N,N-dimethylglycine (DMG): a nutrient for the new millenium. Townsend Letter,2000;202:75-85

[98] Hamilton K. Nutritional aspects of children with Down syndrome. In Clinical Pearls 1999. ITServices, Sacramento, 1999:256

[99] Storm W. Prevalence and diagnostic significance of gliaden antibodies in children with Down's syndrome. Eur J Ped, 1990;149:833-834

[100] Dorfman K. Exploring the casein-free, gluten-free diet. New Developments;1(2):4

[101] Fuchtenbusch M, Karges W, Standl E, Dosch HM, Ziegler AG. Antibodies to bovine serum albumin in type 1 diabetes and other autoimmune disorders. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes,1997;105(2):86-91

 

A Naturopathic Physician

 

By: William von Peters, N.M.D., Ph.N.

REFERENCES

1) Nature’s Path, February 1933, "On the Road with Benedict Lust", p.39.

2) Nature’s Path, June 1933, "On the Pacific Coast with Dr. Benedict Lust, p. 181.

3) The Naturopath. 1902.

4) Nature’s Path, March 1933, "Striding Through the States", p. 82.

5) op cit. "Striding Through the States", p. 82.

6) The Federal Dictionary of Occupational Titles, Section 079.101-014, "Naturopathic Physician" and "Doctor,

medical (medical service)."

7) op cit. "Striding Through the States, p. 82.

8) op cit., June 1933, "On the Pacific Coast with Dr. Benedict Lust, pp. 163, 178.

9) Nature’s Path, May 1933, "Through the Country with Dr. Benedict Lust", p. 130.

10) op cit., February 1933, "On the Road with Benedict Lust", p. 39.

11) op cit., February 1933, "On the Road with Benedict Lust", p. 54.

12) Dr. Benedict Lust, Nature’s Path, March, 1933, p. 99.

13) Benedict Lust, November 1944.